Forex Education (PH)
CHAPTER 4 • SECTION 2

Candlestick Quick Refresher

Master the art of reading candlesticks on your TradingView chart and understand what every price movement is telling you.

📚
Section 2 of 5
⏱️
25-30 min read
📊
Beginner Level

What You Will Learn

By the end of this section, you will be able to:

Introduction

Welcome back!

Now that you have your TradingView account set up and you know how to open charts, let's make sure you can actually read what you're looking at.

In Chapter 2, you learned about candlesticks in theory. Now, we're going to apply that knowledge directly to your TradingView chart. This is where the rubber meets the road.

📊 Why is this important?

Because every trading decision you make—whether to buy, sell, wait, or exit—starts with reading a candlestick correctly. If you can't read the candles, you can't understand what the market is telling you.

The good news? Once you practice this a few times, reading candlesticks becomes second nature. It's like reading a clock—at first it takes effort, but eventually you just see the time without thinking about it.

Let's dive in.

Topic 2.1: Understanding OHLC (Open, High, Low, Close)

What Each Component of OHLC Represents

Every single candlestick on your chart shows you four pieces of information. Together, these are called OHLC:

O
Open
The first price when the time period started. If you're looking at a 1-hour candle, the Open is the price at the beginning of that hour.
H
High
The highest price reached during that time period. Shows how far buyers were able to push the price up.
L
Low
The lowest price reached during that time period. Shows how far sellers were able to push the price down.
C
Close
The last price when the time period ended. Shows where the battle between buyers and sellers finally settled.
Real-Life Example: Basketball Game

Imagine you're watching a basketball game. The game lasts 4 quarters (let's say that's your "time period").

Open = The score at the start of the game (0-0) High = The biggest lead your team had (maybe up by 15 points) Low = The worst moment (maybe down by 10 points) Close = The final score when the game ended

That's OHLC. It's the story of what happened during that time period, told in four numbers.

Candlestick Anatomy: Bullish vs Bearish

High
Close Open
Low
Bullish Candle
Close is ABOVE Open. Buyers won. Price moved up during this period. Body is green (or white).
High
Open Close
Low
Bearish Candle
Close is BELOW Open. Sellers won. Price moved down during this period. Body is red (or black).

How Timeframes Affect What Each Candle Shows

Here's something really important to understand:

The same chart can look completely different depending on the timeframe you choose.

A timeframe is the length of time that each candle represents. TradingView gives you many options:

1m
1 Minute
Each candle = 1 minute of price action
5m
5 Minutes
Each candle = 5 minutes
15m
15 Minutes
Each candle = 15 minutes
1h
1 Hour
Each candle = 1 hour
4h
4 Hours
Each candle = 4 hours
1D
Daily
Each candle = 1 full trading day
1W
Weekly
Each candle = 1 week
1M
Monthly
Each candle = 1 month
⚡ Why does this matter?

Because the OHLC values change based on the timeframe you're looking at. Same asset, same market, but completely different information depending on the timeframe.

Example: BTCUSD on Different Timeframes

On a 1-hour chart: One candle shows what happened in Bitcoin's price over the last hour.

Open = Price at 12:00 PM Close = Price at 1:00 PM High and Low = Highest and lowest prices between 12:00 and 1:00

On a daily chart: One candle shows what happened over the entire day.

Open = Price at midnight (or market open) Close = Price at 11:59 PM (or market close) High and Low = Highest and lowest prices during the whole day

How to change the timeframe in TradingView:

Look at the top toolbar, usually near the center. You'll see buttons with time labels: 1m, 5m, 15m, 1h, 4h, 1D, 1W, 1M

Click on any of these to change your chart's timeframe.

💡 Quick Tip for Beginners

Focus on these timeframes:

  • 1-hour (1h) – Good for seeing recent price movement without too much noise
  • 4-hour (4h) – Shows bigger trends, less noise
  • Daily (1D) – Shows the big picture, great for spotting major trends

Avoid very short timeframes like 1-minute or 5-minute charts at first—they're very noisy and can be overwhelming for beginners.

Reading the Actual Price Values from a Candlestick

Now let's learn how to see the exact OHLC numbers on your chart.

  1. Method 1: Hover your mouse over a candle Move your mouse cursor over any candlestick on your chart. A small tooltip box will appear showing you O, H, L, C values and the time/date of that candle. This is the easiest way to get precise readings.
  2. Method 2: Look at the top-left corner of your chart As you move your cursor across the chart, the top-left area shows the OHLC values for whichever candle your cursor is on. You'll see something like: O: 43,250.00 H: 43,580.00 L: 43,100.00 C: 43,420.00. These numbers update in real-time as you move your cursor.
  3. Method 3: Use the crosshair tool Look for a + (plus sign) icon in the left toolbar. Click it, or press the + key on your keyboard. Your cursor turns into a crosshair. Click and drag it across candles to see precise OHLC data. This is especially useful when you want to measure the distance between two price points.
🎯 Practice Right Now
  1. Open your EURUSD chart (or any forex pair)
  2. Set the timeframe to 1 hour (1h)
  3. Hover your mouse over any candle
  4. Look at the tooltip or the top-left corner
  5. Write down (or just observe) the O, H, L, and C values

Do this a few times with different candles. Get comfortable reading the numbers.

Topic 2.2: Candle Anatomy – Body, Wicks, and Color

Now let's break down the visual parts of a candlestick and what they tell you.

What the Candle Body Tells You

The body of the candle is the thick, colored rectangle in the middle.

The body shows the range between the Open and the Close.

What does the size of the body tell you?

Long Body

Strong movement
Clear winner

Short Body

Weak movement
Indecision

Example: 1-hour BTCUSD Candle
Open: $43,000 Close: $43,500 Body color: Green Body length: $500 (Close - Open) What does this tell you? In that hour, Bitcoin started at $43,000 and ended at $43,500. Buyers pushed the price up $500. It was a bullish (positive) hour for Bitcoin.

What the Wicks/Shadows Reveal

The wicks (also called shadows) are the thin lines above and below the body. They show you price rejection—where the market tried to go, but failed.

Long Upper Wick
Shows that buyers tried to push the price higher during that period, but sellers pushed back and rejected that higher price. The longer the upper wick, the stronger the rejection.
Long Lower Wick
Shows that sellers tried to push the price lower during that period, but buyers pushed back and rejected that lower price. The longer the lower wick, the stronger the rejection from buyers.
Real-World Example: 4-hour EURUSD Candle
Open: 1.0800 High: 1.0850 (top of upper wick) Low: 1.0780 (bottom of lower wick) Close: 1.0820 (green candle) Here's what happened during those 4 hours: 1. Price started at 1.0800 2. Sellers pushed it down to 1.0780 (lower wick) 3. Buyers stepped in and rejected that low price 4. Buyers then pushed price up to 1.0850 (upper wick) 5. Sellers stepped in and rejected that high price 6. Price settled at 1.0820 by the end of the 4 hours The long lower wick tells you: Buyers defended the low and pushed back. That's a bullish sign.

Color Coding: Green/White (Bullish) vs. Red/Black (Bearish)

Most traders use this color system:

🟢

Bullish Candle

  • Close is above the Open
  • Buyers won this round
  • Price moved up
  • Usually green or white
🔴

Bearish Candle

  • Close is below the Open
  • Sellers won this round
  • Price moved down
  • Usually red or black
🎨 Your colors might be different!

Depending on your TradingView theme settings, you might see green/red, white/black, blue/orange, or any custom colors you set. It doesn't matter what colors you use, as long as you know which color means bullish and which means bearish.

To check or change your colors: Click the gear icon (Settings) in the top-right → Go to Appearance → Look for Candles settings → Choose your preferred colors.

How to Quickly Assess Price Movement from a Single Glance

Once you practice reading candles for a while, you'll be able to look at a chart and instantly understand what's happening.

Here's what to look for at a glance:

1. Body Color

Green = buyers winning
Red = sellers winning

2. Body Size

Long body = strong move
Short body = weak/indecision

3. Wick Size

Long upper wick = rejection higher
Long lower wick = rejection lower

4. Overall Shape

Pattern recognition comes with practice—doji, hammer, etc.

Don't worry about memorizing all these patterns right now. Just know that every part of the candle is telling you a story about the battle between buyers and sellers. The more candles you look at, the faster you'll be able to read that story.

Topic 2.3: Micro-Task Practice

Alright, time to put your knowledge into action!

Hands-On Exercise: Reading a Candle on BTCUSD

Let's do a real exercise right now on your TradingView chart.

  1. Open the BTCUSD chart Use the symbol search bar (top-left), type BTCUSD or BTCUSDT, choose BINANCE:BTCUSDT if available, and make sure your chart is in candlestick view.
  2. Set the timeframe to 1 hour (1h) Click on the 1h button in the top toolbar. Now each candle represents 1 hour of Bitcoin price movement.
  3. Pick any completed candle Scroll back a little so you're not looking at the current (incomplete) candle. Pick any candle that's fully formed (not the one on the far right edge, which is still forming).
  4. Hover your mouse over that candle Move your cursor directly over the candle you chose. A tooltip should appear with OHLC data.
  5. Record the values Write down (in your notes, on paper, or just mentally): Open, High, Low, Close, Candle color (green/red), and Time/Date.
  6. Analyze what you see Ask yourself: Is this bullish or bearish? How big is the body? Are there long wicks? What's the story of this candle?
Example of What Your Notes Might Look Like
Candle on BTCUSD (1h chart) – December 4, 2025, 10:00 AM Open: 43,250 High: 43,580 Low: 43,100 Close: 43,420 Color: Green (bullish) Body size: 43,420 - 43,250 = 170 points Upper wick: 43,580 - 43,420 = 160 points Lower wick: 43,250 - 43,100 = 150 points Story: Buyers slightly won (green candle), but there was a lot of back-and-forth. Price tried to go higher (upper wick to 43,580) but got rejected. Price also tried to go lower (lower wick to 43,100) but buyers pushed it back up. This shows indecision, with both sides fighting.
🎯 Practice Makes Perfect

Do this exercise with 3-5 different candles. The more you practice, the faster you'll get at reading them.

Understanding How to Use TradingView's Cursor Tooltip for Precise Readings

As you just practiced, the tooltip is your best friend for getting exact prices. Here are some extra tips for using it effectively:

Quick Summary

Let's recap what you just learned:

Common Mistakes & Tips

Mistake #1: "I can't see the OHLC values when I hover over a candle"
Tip: Make sure you're hovering directly over the candle body or wick. If the tooltip isn't appearing, check the top-left corner of your chart—it shows the same data. Also, try zooming in to make the candles bigger.
Mistake #2: "The candle I'm looking at keeps changing its Close price"
Tip: You're probably looking at the current candle (the one on the far right). That candle is still forming, so its values update every second. For practice, look at completed candles (scroll back a bit to see candles that are already finished).
Mistake #3: "I don't understand why the prices are so different on different timeframes"
Tip: Remember, each timeframe shows a different time period. A 1-hour candle only covers 1 hour, but a daily candle covers 24 hours. The daily candle will naturally have a bigger range because it's showing more time.
Mistake #4: "The wicks are confusing me—I don't understand what they mean"
Tip: Think of wicks as "failed attempts." An upper wick = the market tried to go higher but failed. A lower wick = the market tried to go lower but failed. The longer the wick, the stronger the rejection.
Mistake #5: "I'm not sure if a candle is bullish or bearish"
Tip: Just compare Open and Close: If Close > Open → Bullish (green). If Close < Open → Bearish (red). That's it. If you forget, just hover over the candle and look at the O and C values in the tooltip.

Practice Activity (5-10 minutes)

Before moving on, complete this quick practice:

Bonus Challenge: Find a candle that looks like a "doji" (tiny body with long wicks on both sides). What does this tell you about the market? (Answer: Indecision—buyers and sellers were evenly matched)

Reflection Questions

Take a moment to think about (or write down) your answers:

What's Next?

Excellent work! You now know how to read candlesticks like a pro.

In the next section, you're going to learn how to add technical indicators to your chart. We'll start with Simple Moving Averages (SMA) and Exponential Moving Averages (EMA)—two of the most popular and useful tools in trading.

These indicators will help you see trends more clearly and give you clues about when the market might be changing direction.

💪 Keep Building Your Skills

Remember: Reading candlesticks is a skill that improves with practice. The first 10 times might feel slow, but by the time you've looked at 50 or 100 candles, you'll be reading them instantly without even thinking about it.

You're building the foundation of real trading skills. Keep going—you're doing great!

Important Reminder

Everything you're learning is for educational purposes only. Reading candlesticks and using technical indicators does not guarantee profits. Trading forex and crypto involves significant risk, and losses can exceed deposits.

Never trade with real money until you've practiced extensively in demo accounts. Always use proper risk management, and consult with a licensed financial professional in your country before making any real trading decisions.

Stay disciplined, stay patient, and keep learning!